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QuestionHVAC & fire safety

Does this HVAC change affect fire and smoke control?

A screening guide for fan, AHU, damper, duct and controls changes that may alter a building’s fire-mode operation.

The equipment may look like ordinary HVAC in normal operation while performing a completely different role during fire mode.

01

The practical answer

Possibly. Before modifying an AHU, fan, damper, duct or control sequence, check whether it shuts down, starts, changes position, pressurizes or exhausts smoke during fire mode.

AS 1668.1 applies to mechanical smoke-control systems and also contains fire-mode requirements for some other air-handling systems. The building’s fire matrix and smoke-control design should be reviewed before the change is finalized.

The most common hidden risks are changed fan performance, altered damper logic, BMS/FDCIE interface changes, inaccessible smoke-control dampers and tenancy modifications that change air paths.

A same-size replacement is not necessarily functionally equivalent if controls, power, failure behaviour or fire-mode performance differ.

02

When this question usually matters

An AHU or fan is being replaced.

Motorized or smoke-control dampers are being relocated.

A tenancy fit-out changes ducts, partitions or VAV boxes.

The BMS control sequence is being rewritten.

A smoke-control or stair-pressurization test has failed.

03

Red flags that make the question more significant

01

No one has checked the fire matrix.

02

The replacement is being justified only by normal airflow.

03

Existing damper positions and status feedback are unclear.

04

The controls contractor is expected to infer the fire sequence.

05

The final commissioning scope tests components but not the whole sequence.

04

How to screen an HVAC modification for smoke-control impact

Follow the equipment through normal mode and fire mode before calling the change like-for-like.

1

Recover the fire basis

Find the fire matrix, smoke-control drawings and commissioning records.

2

Identify affected components

Fans, AHUs, dampers, VAVs, controls, power and indication.

3

Compare before and after behaviour

Normal duty, fire-mode duty, shutdown, override and failure conditions.

4

Coordinate disciplines

Mechanical, fire, electrical and controls information should agree.

5

Define commissioning

Test the installed sequence and system performance, not just individual components.

05

Detailed practical examples

These examples show how the question changes a real engineering decision. They are not universal answers; they show what needs to be clarified before the right answer becomes obvious.

Case study 1 · Fan replacement

New EC fan array replaces an old belt-driven fan

01
Project context

The new fan matches normal airflow and pressure but uses a different drive and control architecture.

Why this question matters

The old fan also operated in a smoke-control sequence, so normal performance alone does not prove equivalence.

What made the job difficult

  • Fire-mode duty is hidden in old commissioning records.
  • Control and status interfaces change.
  • Existing dampers have uncertain operation.

How the review should proceed

  1. Recover the fire-mode duty.
  2. Compare controls and failure behaviour.
  3. Verify damper interaction.
  4. Commission the complete sequence.
Practical outcome

The project becomes a fire/smoke-control modification, not a simple mechanical replacement.

Case study 2 · Tenancy fit-out

New partitions and VAV boxes change a smoke-control zone

02
Project context

A floor is divided into new tenancies and air distribution is reconfigured.

Why this question matters

The central AHU stays the same, but the fire-mode air path may not.

What made the job difficult

  • Damper locations change.
  • VAV fire-mode positions are unclear.
  • The fire matrix is not updated.

How the review should proceed

  1. Compare the new layout with smoke-control zones.
  2. Map damper functions.
  3. Define VAV behaviour in fire mode.
  4. Update and test the final sequence.
Practical outcome

The fit-out requires smoke-control coordination even without central plant replacement.

06

Information to gather before deciding

Fire matrix

Smoke-control drawings

Fan and AHU schedules

Damper schedule

BMS/FDCIE interfaces

Power supply basis

Commissioning records

Proposed changes

07

Likely outcomes

1

No material fire-mode impact

The equipment has no relevant fire-mode function and the air path/control basis remains unchanged.

2

Coordinated review required

The change affects components or interfaces that participate in fire-mode operation.

3

Full smoke-control modification

Performance, zoning or sequence changes require redesign and system-level commissioning.